Guitar · progressions # ii–V–I in F minor on guitar ii–V–I in F minor: Gm7♭5 – C7 – Fm7 – Fm7. Minor cadence with a half-diminished ii chord. | Chord | Numeral | Notes | Pages | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Gm7♭5 | iiø7 | G B♭ D♭ F | [Gm7♭5 arpeggio](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/arpeggios/gm7b5) · [Gm7♭5 drop 2 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/chords/gm7b5-drop-2) · [G Locrian scale](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/scales/g-locrian) | | C7 | V7 | C E G B♭ | [C7 arpeggio](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/arpeggios/c7) · [C7 drop 2 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/chords/c7-drop-2) · [C Phrygian dominant scale](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/scales/c-phrygian-dominant) | | Fm7 | i7 | F A♭ C E♭ | [Fm7 arpeggio](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/arpeggios/fm7) · [Fm7 drop 2 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/chords/fm7-drop-2) · [F minor scale](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/scales/f-minor) | | Fm7 | i7 | F A♭ C E♭ | [Fm7 arpeggio](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/arpeggios/fm7) · [Fm7 drop 2 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/chords/fm7-drop-2) · [F minor scale](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/scales/f-minor) | ### Drop 2 voicings Four notes on four neighboring strings, the second voice from the top dropped an octave. The voices move 6 semitones in all; the largest single step is 2. Notes that moved from the chord before are in the darker color. **Gm7♭5 (iiø7)** Grip x-x-8-10-8-9 · frets 8–10 **C7♭9 (V7)** Grip x-x-8-9-8-9 · frets 8–9 Voiced: ♭7 3 5 ♭9 **Fm6/9 (i7)** Grip x-x-6-7-8-8 · frets 6–8 Voiced: ♭3 6 9 5 **Fm6/9 (i7)** Grip x-x-6-7-8-8 · frets 6–8 Voiced: ♭3 6 9 5 *Bar 4: the same chord held* Top line: D♭ – D♭ – C – C [Practice ii–V–I in F minor in drop 2 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-minor:5:drop2:4:jazz) ### Drop 3 voicings Four notes with a string skipped above the bass, the third voice from the top dropped an octave. The voices move 8 semitones in all; the largest single step is 2. Notes that moved from the chord before are in the darker color. **Gm7♭5 (iiø7)** Grip x-10-x-10-11-9 · frets 9–11 **C7♭9 (V7)** Grip x-10-x-9-11-9 · frets 9–11 Voiced: 5 3 ♭7 ♭9 **Fm7 (i7)** Grip x-8-x-8-9-8 · frets 8–9 **Fm6 (i7)** Grip x-8-x-7-9-8 · frets 7–9 Voiced: 1 6 ♭3 5 *Bar 4: the same chord held, another voicing* Top line: D♭ – D♭ – C – C [Practice ii–V–I in F minor in drop 3 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-minor:5:drop3:4:jazz) ### Shell voicings Three notes: the root in the bass with the 3rd and 7th, the notes that name the chord. The voices move 18 semitones in all; the largest single step is 7. Notes that moved from the chord before are in the darker color. **Gm7♭5 (iiø7)** Grip 3-4-x-3-x-x · frets 3–4 **C7 (V7)** Grip x-3-2-3-x-x · frets 2–3 **Fm7 (i7)** Grip 1-x-1-1-x-x · fret 1 **Fm7 (i7)** Grip 1-x-1-1-x-x · fret 1 *Bar 4: the same chord held* Top line: B♭ – B♭ – A♭ – A♭ [Practice ii–V–I in F minor in shell voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-minor:5:shell:jazz) ### Rootless voicings Four notes without the root, with a 9th or 13th in its place: the bass player plays the root. The voices move 15 semitones in all; the largest single step is 5. Notes that moved from the chord before are in the darker color. **Gm7♭5(11) (iiø7)** Grip x-8-8-6-x-8 · frets 6–8 Rootless: ♭7 ♭3 ♭5 11 **C7♭9 (V7)** Grip x-x-2-3-2-3 · frets 2–3 Rootless: 3 ♭7 ♭9 5 **Fm9 (i7)** Grip x-x-1-1-1-3 · frets 1–3 Rootless: ♭7 ♭3 5 9 **Fm6/9 (i7)** Grip x-3-x-1-3-3 · frets 1–3 Rootless: 5 ♭3 6 9 *Bar 4: the same chord held, another voicing* Top line: C – G – G – G [Practice ii–V–I in F minor in rootless voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-minor:5:rootless:4:jazz) ### With the tritone substitute: Gm7♭5 – G♭7 – Fm7 – Fm7 Dominant a tritone away; preserves the 3rd/7th guide tones and often creates chromatic bass motion. In drop 2 voicings. The voices move 14 semitones in all; the largest single step is 3. Notes that moved from the chord before are in the darker color. **Gm7♭5(11) (iiø7)** Grip x-x-8-6-6-8 · frets 6–8 Voiced: ♭3 ♭5 ♭7 11 **G♭7 (tritone sub)** Grip x-x-8-9-7-9 · frets 7–9 **Fm6/9 (i7)** Grip x-x-6-7-8-8 · frets 6–8 Voiced: ♭3 6 9 5 **Fm7 (i7)** Grip x-x-6-8-6-8 · frets 6–8 *Bar 4: the same chord held, another voicing* Top line: C – D♭ – C – C [Practice ii–V–I in F minor with the tritone substitute](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-minor:5:drop2:4:jazz:s-tritone) ## ii–V–I (minor) in every key - [ii–V–I in C minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-c-minor) - [ii–V–I in C♯ minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-c-sharp-minor) - [ii–V–I in D minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-d-minor) - [ii–V–I in E♭ minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-eb-minor) - [ii–V–I in E minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-e-minor) - ii–V–I in F minor - [ii–V–I in F♯ minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-f-sharp-minor) - [ii–V–I in G minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-g-minor) - [ii–V–I in G♯ minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-g-sharp-minor) - [ii–V–I in A minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-a-minor) - [ii–V–I in B♭ minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-bb-minor) - [ii–V–I in B minor](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-b-minor) ## Practice it in Practice Lab Comp ii–V–I in F minor in Practice Lab: voicings chosen to move smoothly, which voice moves where, and substitutions such as the tritone sub to hear what they change. Free, in your browser, no account. [Open it in Practice Lab](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-minor:5:drop2:4:jazz)