Guitar · progressions # ii–V–I in F on guitar ii–V–I in F: Gm7 – C7 – Fmaj7 – Fmaj7. The core major-key cadence, voiced for smooth four-voice movement. | Chord | Numeral | Notes | Pages | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Gm7 | ii7 | G B♭ D F | [Gm7 arpeggio](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/arpeggios/gm7) · [Gm7 drop 2 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/chords/gm7-drop-2) · [G Dorian scale](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/scales/g-dorian) | | C7 | V7 | C E G B♭ | [C7 arpeggio](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/arpeggios/c7) · [C7 drop 2 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/chords/c7-drop-2) · [C Mixolydian scale](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/scales/c-mixolydian) | | Fmaj7 | Imaj7 | F A C E | [Fmaj7 arpeggio](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/arpeggios/fmaj7) · [Fmaj7 drop 2 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/chords/fmaj7-drop-2) · [F major scale](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/scales/f-major) | | Fmaj7 | Imaj7 | F A C E | [Fmaj7 arpeggio](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/arpeggios/fmaj7) · [Fmaj7 drop 2 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/chords/fmaj7-drop-2) · [F major scale](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/scales/f-major) | ### Drop 2 voicings Four notes on four neighboring strings, the second voice from the top dropped an octave. The voices move 6 semitones in all; the largest single step is 2. Notes that moved from the chord before are in the darker color. **Gm7(11) (ii7)** Grip x-x-5-5-6-6 · frets 5–6 Voiced: 1 11 ♭7 ♭3 **C7 (V7)** Grip x-x-5-5-5-6 · frets 5–6 **Fmaj7 (Imaj7)** Grip x-x-3-5-5-5 · frets 3–5 **F6 (Imaj7)** Grip x-x-3-5-3-5 · frets 3–5 Voiced: 1 5 6 3 *Bar 4: the same chord held, another voicing* Top line: B♭ – B♭ – A – A [Practice ii–V–I in F in drop 2 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-major:5:drop2:4:jazz) ### Drop 3 voicings Four notes with a string skipped above the bass, the third voice from the top dropped an octave. The voices move 4 semitones in all; the largest single step is 2. Notes that moved from the chord before are in the darker color. **Gm7(11) (ii7)** Grip 6-x-5-5-6-x · frets 5–6 Voiced: ♭3 1 11 ♭7 **C7 (V7)** Grip 6-x-5-5-5-x · frets 5–6 **Fmaj7 (Imaj7)** Grip 5-x-3-5-5-x · frets 3–5 **Fmaj7 (Imaj7)** Grip 5-x-3-5-5-x · frets 3–5 *Bar 4: the same chord held* Top line: F – E – E – E [Practice ii–V–I in F in drop 3 voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-major:5:drop3:4:jazz) ### Shell voicings Three notes: the root in the bass with the 3rd and 7th, the notes that name the chord. The voices move 14 semitones in all; the largest single step is 7. Notes that moved from the chord before are in the darker color. **Gm7 (ii7)** Grip x-10-8-10-x-x · frets 8–10 **C7 (V7)** Grip 8-x-8-9-x-x · frets 8–9 **Fmaj7 (Imaj7)** Grip x-8-7-9-x-x · frets 7–9 **Fmaj7 (Imaj7)** Grip x-8-7-9-x-x · frets 7–9 *Bar 4: the same chord held* Top line: F – E – E – E [Practice ii–V–I in F in shell voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-major:5:shell:jazz) ### Rootless voicings Four notes without the root, with a 9th or 13th in its place: the bass player plays the root. The voices move 8 semitones in all; the largest single step is 2. Notes that moved from the chord before are in the darker color. **Gm9 (ii7)** Grip x-x-8-10-10-10 · frets 8–10 Rootless: ♭3 ♭7 9 5 **C9 (V7)** Grip x-x-8-9-8-10 · frets 8–10 Rootless: ♭7 3 5 9 **Fmaj9 (Imaj7)** Grip x-x-7-9-8-8 · frets 7–9 Rootless: 3 7 9 5 **F6/9 (Imaj7)** Grip x-x-7-7-8-8 · frets 7–8 Rootless: 3 6 9 5 *Bar 4: the same chord held, another voicing* Top line: D – D – C – C [Practice ii–V–I in F in rootless voicings](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-major:5:rootless:4:jazz) ### With the tritone substitute: Gm7 – G♭7 – Fmaj7 – Fmaj7 Dominant a tritone away; preserves the 3rd/7th guide tones and often creates chromatic bass motion. In drop 2 voicings. The voices move 8 semitones in all; the largest single step is 2. Notes that moved from the chord before are in the darker color. **Gm7(11) (ii7)** Grip x-x-8-10-8-8 · frets 8–10 Voiced: ♭3 ♭7 1 11 **G♭7 (tritone sub)** Grip x-x-8-9-7-9 · frets 7–9 **Fmaj9 (Imaj7)** Grip x-x-7-9-8-8 · frets 7–9 Voiced: 3 7 9 5 **F6/9 (Imaj7)** Grip x-x-7-7-8-8 · frets 7–8 Voiced: 3 6 9 5 *Bar 4: the same chord held, another voicing* Top line: C – D♭ – C – C [Practice ii–V–I in F with the tritone substitute](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-major:5:drop2:4:jazz:s-tritone) ## Try a substitution The same progression with a substitution the app offers, voice-led the same way, with the chords in every key. - [Tritone substitute](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/substitutions/tritone) - [Tritone sub with its related ii](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/substitutions/tritone-related-ii) - [Backdoor ii–V](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/substitutions/backdoor) - [Minor iv](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/substitutions/minor-iv) ## ii–V–I (major) in every key - [ii–V–I in C](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-c) - [ii–V–I in D♭](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-db) - [ii–V–I in D](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-d) - [ii–V–I in E♭](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-eb) - [ii–V–I in E](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-e) - ii–V–I in F - [ii–V–I in F♯](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-f-sharp) - [ii–V–I in G](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-g) - [ii–V–I in A♭](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-ab) - [ii–V–I in A](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-a) - [ii–V–I in B♭](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-bb) - [ii–V–I in B](https://practice.graph.audio/guitar/progressions/ii-v-i-in-b) ## Practice it in Practice Lab Comp ii–V–I in F in Practice Lab: voicings chosen to move smoothly, which voice moves where, and substitutions such as the tritone sub to hear what they change. Free, in your browser, no account. [Open it in Practice Lab](https://practice.graph.audio/#progression=ii-v-i-major:5:drop2:4:jazz)